Tériade and Matisse collaborated on this livre d’artiste, illustrating the medieval poems of Charles d’Orléans (1394–1465), a duke and a poet. The book features vibrantly colored images, all printed in lithography at the workshop of Mourlot Frères in Paris. The text was written in Matisse’s hand, inspired by medieval manuscripts, which were written by hand. Conveying a sense of spontaneity, the ornate design of each page celebrates the elegance of the fifteenth-century poems while also not shying away from the contemporary resonance of patriotic symbols, such as the fleur-de-lis, illustrating the impact of World War II on the modern artist.